D-optimal design of experiments applied to 3D high-performance concrete printing mix design

The development of 3D printable cement-based materials is a complex process with variety competing objectives. compositions formed are far more than in conventional concrete, increasing the difficulty designing mixtures for concrete printing. As number mix design increases, workload increases exponentially during process. In this study, D-optimal experimental method employed to reduce experiments while providing statistically grounded designs high-quality results. proposed includes 18 mixes that investigate three level-six factors. High-performance cementitious printing mortar was selected future applications new thinner structures less massive concrete. total, types cement, sand and five admixtures investigated, including superplasticizers. factors sand, superplasticizer type, water-binder sand-binder ratio, use viscosity modifying agent or C-S-H seed admixture. Calorimetry tests were conducted along direct shear test, flow test compressive strength test. Results indicated can required assessing importance each factor level included high complexity.